Charles Antoine Zola ( / ˈ z oʊ l ə/, [1] [2] also US: / z oʊ ˈ l ɑː/, [3] [4] French: [emil zɔla]; 2 April 1840–29 September 1902) [5] was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism. [6] He was a major figure in the political liberalization of France and in the exoneration of the falsely accused and convicted army officer Alfred Dreyfus, which is encapsulated in his renowned newspaper opinion headlined J'Accuse…! Zola was nominated for the first and second Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901 and 1902. [7] [8] Early life [ edit ] Fauchery ​írása … egy fiatal lány története volt, aki alkoholisták negyedik-ötödik generációjából született, vérét megrontotta a nyomor és az ivás tartós örökletessége, mely benne a nőiség kóros túltengésébe csapott át. Egy külvárosban nőtt fel, a párizsi utcakövön; és nagyra, szépre, bujára nőve, mint a trágyadombon hajtatott növény, bosszút állt a koldusokért és az elhagyatottakért, akiktől származott. … Természeti erő lett belőle, a pusztítás kovásza…”

Literary historian Alain Pagès believes that is likely true [42] and Zola's great-granddaughters, Brigitte Émile-Zola and Martine Le Blond-Zola, corroborate this explanation of Zola's poisoning by carbon monoxide. As reported in "L'Orient-Le Jour", Brigitte Émile-Zola recounts that her grandfather Jacques Émile-Zola, son of Émile Zola, told her at the age of eight that, in 1952, a man came to his house to give him information about his father's death. The man had been with a dying friend, who had confessed to taking money to plug Emile Zola's chimney. [43] Scope of the Rougon-Macquart series [ edit ] Fontan The leading actor for the Variety Theater. Nana becomes infatuated with him in spite of the fact that he is cruel to her. Nana egy középtermetű, fehér indiai elefánttehén, aranypihékkel és olyan hatalmas, szőttesekkel meg csecsebecsékkel borított arany pamlaggal a hátán, amiben a maharadzsák szoktak utazni. Bárki felülhet rá, akit nem zavar, hogy Nana az összes mogyorót kiveszi a kezéből, de még azt a féltve őrzött zacskót is, amit a belső zsebében tartogat, és igazából két karámmal arrébb a tevéknek szánt. Az utazás amúgy sem tart sokáig, Nana már trappol is tovább a következő látogatóhoz – nála banán van! –, útjában kidönti a fákat, letapossa a cserjéket. Nem gonoszságból, pusztán ügyetlenségből. Csak az állatkerti gondozóval szemtelen egy kicsit, de hát az meg folyton ott lohol a nyomában, Nana akármit is csinál, és féltékeny pillantásokat lövell a Nana hátán 15 perc hírnévben basáskodó látogatókra. De Nana, az elefánt emlékszik még a cirkuszra, az ostorcsapkodásra és éhezésre, és bölcsen úgy látja, hogy ha a sok buta látogató hajlandó odaadni az utolsó szem földimogyoróját is egy rövid elefántogolásért, akkor magukra vessenek, és punktum. Szerintem igaza van. Anonym. "Church opponent of Italian descent .. Emile Zola is a writer of France and pioneer of the printing school | tellerreport.com". www.tellerreport.com . Retrieved 9 November 2020. From 1877 with the publication of L'Assommoir, Émile Zola became wealthy, he was better paid than Victor Hugo, for example. He became a figurehead among the literary bourgeoisie and organized cultural dinners with Guy de Maupassant, Joris-Karl Huysmans and other writers at his luxurious villa in Medan near Paris after 1880. Germinal in 1885, then the three 'cities', Lourdes in 1894, Rome in 1896 and Paris in 1897, established Zola as a successful author.That night, Fontan writes a letter to Georges for Nana. He has always amused himself by writing Nana's love letters, but that night, Nana does not respond correctly to his efforts and another argument begins. Fontan demands to see how much money there is left in their joint account. When he discovers that it is less than seven thousand, he decides to keep it all. Nana reminds him that she put ten thousand into the undertaking, but Fontan only beats her severely as a rejoinder. From that day onward, he gives her only three francs a day with which to buy groceries. Then, after a while, he even forgets to give her this paltry amount. Consequently, when Nana meets Madame Tricon one day by accident, she begins to accept side visits from customers. By this device, she is able to buy good meals for Fontan, and as a result of degrading herself to support him, she begins to love him even more. In 1888, he was given a camera, but he only began to use it in 1895 and attained a near professional level of expertise. [15] Also in 1888, Alexandrine hired Jeanne Rozerot, a 21-year-old seamstress who was to live with them in their home in Médan. [16] The 48-year-old Zola fell in love with Jeanne and fathered two children with her: Denise in 1889 and Jacques in 1891. [17] After Jeanne left Médan for Paris, Zola continued to support and visit her and their children. In November 1891 Alexandrine discovered the affair, which brought the marriage to the brink of divorce. [ citation needed] The discord was partially healed, which allowed Zola to take an increasingly active role in the lives of the children. After Zola's death, the children were given his name as their lawful surname. [18] Career [ edit ] Zola early in his career Zola's output also included novels on population ( Fécondité) and work ( Travail), a number of plays, and several volumes of criticism. He wrote every day for around 30 years, and took as his motto Nulla dies sine linea ("not a day without a line"). Zola died on 29 September 1902 of carbon monoxide poisoning caused by an improperly ventilated chimney. [35] His funeral on 5 October was attended by thousands. Alfred Dreyfus initially had promised not to attend the funeral, but was given permission by Zola's widow and attended. [36] [37] At the time of his death Zola had just completed a novel, Vérité, about the Dreyfus trial. A sequel, Justice, had been planned, but was not completed.

Nana si první popularitu získává v divadle. Nehraje sice dobře, ale je krásná. Díky tomu si podmaní významné muže Paříže. Věrnou společnicí je hlavní hrdince komorná Zoe, která je schopna všechny její mužské návštěvy po domě rozmístit tak, aby se nepotkávaly. Později se Nana stane symbolem zla, přičemž vše, s čím má co do činění, je nakonec zničeno. Na své milence klade stále nové požadavky, takzvaně je „vycucává“, až jsou mnohdy dohnáni na samé dno. Z dřívějšího vztahu se kurtizáně narodil syn Ludvíček, ten však později umírá na neštovice. Poté, co se Nana dozví, že zemřel i jeden z jejích milenců, prodává svůj majetek v dražbě a odjíždí z Paříže, kde na ni po nějakém čase všichni zapomínají. Nana se však vrací zpět a zde také podlehne neštovicím. The case, known as the Dreyfus affair, deeply divided France between the reactionary army and Catholic Church on one hand, and the more liberal commercial society on the other. The ramifications continued for many years; on the 100th anniversary of Zola's article, France's Catholic daily paper, La Croix, apologised for its antisemitic editorials during the Dreyfus affair. [28] As Zola was a leading French thinker and public figure, his letter formed a major turning point in the affair. [ citation needed] Portrait of Zola by Nadar, 3 March 1898 Ráadásul a leírások nagyon érzékletesek, például rögtön az elején a színház hátsó traktusának – és annak minden zugának, illatának (szagának), színének és érzetének leírása annyira hű volt, hogy teljesen ott éreztem magam a szűk folyosókon és én is bekukkantottam a különböző kis öltözőkabinokba-helyiségekbe… Csak a későbbiekben már unalmassá vált a leírások ilyen jellegű ömlesztése, tényleg nagyon kevés a párbeszéd és nagyon kevés a voltaképpeni cselekmény az egész történetben.Borie, Jean (1971). Zola et les mythes: ou, de la nausée au salut. Pierres vives (in French). Paris: Éditions du Seuil. OCLC 299742040.