The King Over the Water: A Complete History of the Jacobites

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While this was the most consistent difference, Jacobitism was a complex mix of ideas, many opposed by the Stuarts themselves. The role of Jacobitism in Irish political history is debated; some argue that it was a broad-based popular movement and the main driver of Irish Catholic nationalism between 1688 and 1795. A Convention of the Scottish Estates took a different approach, and declared that James, by his wrongdoing, had forfeited the crown. They claimed the 1688 Revolution had allowed self-interested minorities, such as Whigs, religious dissenters, and foreigners, to take control of the state and oppress the common people. His humiliating defeat at the Battle of the Boyne on 1 July 1690, celebrated to this day by Protestants in Northern Ireland, was an early omen for the entire enterprise.

Relatively few of the surviving songs, however, actually date from the time of the risings; one of the best known is the Irish song " Mo Ghile Mear", which although a more recent composition is based on the contemporary lyric "Buan ar Buairt Gach Ló" by Seán Clárach Mac Domhnaill. Many of the Highland clansmen who were a feature of Jacobite armies were raised this way: in all three major risings, the bulk of the rank and file were supplied by a small number of north-western clans whose leaders joined the rebellion.

James III and VIII (16 September 1701 – 1 January 1766), James Francis Edward Stuart, also known as the Chevalier de St. While Charles argued there with the Scots about his faith status, the duke of Hamilton invaded England, and his army was completely defeated at the battle of Preston. When James went into exile after the November 1688 Glorious Revolution, the Parliament of England decided that he had abandoned the English throne, which they offered to his Protestant daughter Mary II of England, and her husband William III. Both offered the crowns, not to James's infant son, but to his adult Protestant daughter Mary and to her husband and cousin, James's nephew, William of Orange.

Henry IX and I (6 March 1725 – 13 July 1807), Henry Benedict Stuart, also known as the Cardinal King. After the effective demise of the Jacobite cause in the 1750s, many Catholic gentry withdrew support from the Stuarts.After his death in 1625, this was continued by his son Charles I, who lacked his political sensitivity; by the late 1630s, instituting Personal Rule in 1629, enforcing Laudian reforms on the Church of England, and ruling without Parliament led to a political crisis. William and Mary were succeeded by James's younger daughter and Mary's sister, Anne, also a Protestant, who became Queen in 1702. Memorial to the three Stuart pretenders, 'James III', and his sons, Charles and Henry, above their place of interment in the crypt of St.

He therefore resisted measures that might "dissatisfy his Protestant subjects" in England and Scotland, complaining "he was fallen into the hands of a people who would ram many hard things down his throat". Desmond Seward, a popular historian of the Plantagenets and the Tudors, has attempted to tell this story in a complete and accessible form. They hoped this would attract support from the Catholic Irish and lead to the creation of a stable pro-French client state.Given that the Jacobites were half-forgotten even in their own time, Seward has plenty of fascinating detail with which to remind us of their long history of subversion. The church continued to offer prayers for the Stuarts until 1788, while many refused to swear allegiance to the Hanoverians in 1714.